SCIENCE
THE RESEARCH
Every compound in our catalog is backed by published preclinical research. Below are the primary references for our core compounds.
BPC-157
BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a stable synthetic peptide derived from a protective protein found in human gastric juice. Research has explored its role in accelerating musculoskeletal soft tissue healing, modulating angiogenesis in muscle and tendon recovery, and enhancing growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts.
- 1. Gwyer D, Wragg NM, Wilson SL (2019). Cell Tissue Res;377(2):153-159.
- 2. Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, et al. (2014). Curr Pharm Des;20(7):1126-1135.
- 3. Chang CH, Tsai WC, et al. (2014). Molecules;19(11):19066-19077.
TB-500
TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment) represents the active region of the full thymosin beta-4 peptide. Preclinical studies have examined its effects on actin regulation, cell migration, and tissue repair processes. Research models have investigated applications in muscle recovery, wound closure, and cardiovascular tissue remodeling.
- 1. Goldstein AL, Kleinman HK (2015). Ann N Y Acad Sci;1269:45-49.
- 2. Crockford D, et al. (2010). Expert Opin Biol Ther;10(12):1859-1865.
Wolverine (BPC-157 / TB-500)
The Wolverine blend pairs BPC-157’s cytoprotective and angiogenic properties with TB-500’s actin-regulation and cell-migration mechanisms. Both compounds are studied for tissue repair pathways, making the combined vial a standard fixture in regenerative research protocols. Lot-matched identity and purity are verified for both components in a single COA.
- 1. Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, et al. (2014). Curr Pharm Des;20(7):1126-1135.
- 2. Goldstein AL, Kleinman HK (2015). Ann N Y Acad Sci;1269:45-49.
GHK-Cu
GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex) is a small naturally occurring peptide that binds copper ions. First identified in human plasma, it has been the subject of extensive research on wound healing, tissue regeneration, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Studies have explored its effects on collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan production in dermal fibroblasts.
- 1. Pickart L, Margolina A (2018). Molecules;23(4):871.
- 2. Badenhorst E, Soma-Pillay P, et al. (2014). Cardiovasc J Afr;25(5):255-261.
CJC-1295 / Ipamorelin
CJC-1295 is a modified growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) analog with extended half-life due to DAC (drug affinity complex) conjugation. Ipamorelin is a pentapeptide and selective ghrelin receptor agonist. Research has examined their combined effects on growth hormone pulse amplitude and IGF-1 levels in preclinical models.
- 1. Ionescu M, Frohman LA (2006). J Clin Endocrinol Metab;91(2):419-424.
- 2. Raun K, et al. (1998). Endocrinology;139(10):4328-4335.
Sermorelin
Sermorelin acetate is a 29-amino-acid peptide corresponding to the amino-terminal segment of naturally occurring human GHRH. Research has examined its effects on endogenous growth hormone release from the anterior pituitary, including pulse frequency and amplitude in preclinical and clinical research models.
- 1. Prakash A, Goa KL (1999). Drugs Aging;14(5):335-348.
- 2. Vittone J, et al. (1997). J Clin Endocrinol Metab;82(9):2955-2960.
GLP-1 S (Semaglutide Analog)
GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) receptor agonists are a class of peptides that mimic the incretin hormone GLP-1. Research has focused on their effects on pancreatic beta-cell function, gastric emptying, and central appetite regulation. Semaglutide analogs have been studied in preclinical models for metabolic syndrome, glycemic control, and body composition research.
- 1. Wilding JPH, et al. (2021). N Engl J Med;384:989-1002 (STEP 1).
- 2. Drucker DJ (2018). Nat Rev Drug Discov;17:139-159.
Retatrutide
Retatrutide is an investigational triple receptor agonist studied for its combined activity at GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors. Phase 2 research reported substantial effects on body composition and glycemic markers. As an investigational compound, it is supplied strictly for laboratory research and is not approved for human use.
- 1. Jastreboff AM, et al. (2023). N Engl J Med;389:514-526 (phase 2).
MOTS-c
MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial genome. Research has investigated its role in metabolic homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and cellular stress responses. Preclinical models have explored its effects on exercise capacity and age-related metabolic decline.
- 1. Lee C, et al. (2015). Cell Metab;21(3):443-454.
- 2. Reynolds JC, et al. (2021). Nat Commun;12:2025.
PT-141
PT-141 is a synthetic heptapeptide analog of alpha-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone). Unlike traditional compounds, research suggests it acts centrally through melanocortin receptors in the central nervous system rather than peripherally. Preclinical studies have investigated its effects on sexual behavior, arousal, and central reward pathways.
- 1. Kingsberg SA, et al. (2019). Obstet Gynecol;134(2):344-355 (phase 3 RECONNECT).
- 2. Molinoff PB, et al. (2003). J Sex Med;7(Suppl 4):S55-S62.
All references are provided for educational and research purposes only. This information is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. All compounds are intended for laboratory research use only.